Which of the following describes the flavor of Robusta coffee beans?

Robusta coffee beans are known for their strong and sometimes astringent flavor profile. This characteristic is largely due to their higher caffeine content and more complex flavor compounds, which contribute to a bold and intense taste. Robusta beans often have earthy, woody notes and can carry a certain bitterness that distinguishes them from the smoother, more nuanced flavors of Arabica beans, which are typically described as sweeter or softer. The astringency found in Robusta can also create a fuller body or weight on the palate, making them favored in certain espresso blends for their rich crema. In contrast, descriptions like sweet-soft and smooth and creamy are more applicable to Arabica beans, which have a lighter, more delicate flavor profile, while sharp-tangy does not align with the typical characteristics of Robusta.